Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) in Prion Protein Alleles renders Essay

undivided Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) in Prion Protein Alleles renders susceptibility or resistance to Natural Scrapie in sheep - Essay frameworkAmong these 3 codons there are 5 alleles generated that causes resistance and 3 alleles generated that causes susceptibility to the indisposition. Therefore, genotype of the breeds may put susceptibility or resistance to scrapie. Scrapie can be highly infectious and transmissible among similar species. besides being a genetic disease, only individuals that are susceptible in the prion protein (PrP) gene could be infected, careless(predicate) of any environmental factors. The objective of this research is to analyze each species genotype as to their genetic receive up for alleles. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the genotype of the three codons mentioned earlier, renders sheep susceptible or disgustful to the disease. The research will involve the genotypic comparison of two breeds of sheep The Awassi flock and The North Coun try Cheviot flock, to larn which genotype of the two breeds resembles the disease allele the most. DNA extraction and amplification will be make through PCR amplification. Furthermore, identification of the nucleotide sequences that closely resemble those of the disease allele will be firm using methods of restriction enzymes and specific primer binding sites. PROJECT SUMMARY The purpose of this study is to set sheep susceptibility and resistance for scrapie from two different breeds based strictly on genotypic variations due to maven nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) at codons 136, 154 and 171. The primary reason for carrying out this research is to increase awareness to the highest degree the fatal neurological disease in order to encourage farmers and breeders to take proper measurements in identifying the classify symptoms and to use proper sterile techniques to minimize transmission of the disease from environmental factors. More drastically, with no interposition or cure f or scrapie, breeders can anticipate discriminating breeding to eradicate scrapie by mating a resistant ram (ARR) with any ewe. Thus, it will assure a resistant genotype for scrapie in the offsprings. Although selective breeding showed to have a few successes in the past, the method is not guaranteed to work every time, since factors much(prenominal) as mutation and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) render the animal susceptible to acquiring the disease upon interaction. INTRODUCTION Scrapie is a dangerous, degenerative disease bear upon the central nervous system (CNS) of sheep and goats. The disease is likewise referred to as la tremblante (French trembling), Traberkrankheit (German trotting disease), or rida (Icelandic ataxia or tremor) (Detwiler 1992). The disease was first recognized as affecting sheep in Great Britain and other countries of Western Europe over 250 years ago. The earliest definite criminal record of the incidence of scrapie was in Britain in 1732. Follow ing this event, there were accounts of a scrapie-like disease occurring in the Dorset cornet, Wiltshire Horn and Norfolk Horn breeds in England between 1750 and the early 1800s. Scrapie progressed in becoming a major problem in the incline Suffolk breed around 1950, leading to successive financial loss in flocks. In 1938, first subject area of the disease was identified in Canada and since then there have been over 167 flocks in 6 Canadian provinces with confirmed cases of classical scrapie (Plummer 1946). In general, there is a gradual development of clinical cases of scrapie that have been preserve in many regions around the world notable exceptions are Australia and New Zealand. This is due